PCP is one of the most common opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. Although the incidence of PCP has decreased significantly with antiretroviral therapy, it is still an important cause of death in AIDS patients. Current treatment methods are insufficient to treat PCP and prevent related deaths. There is still no vaccine to prevent PCP, and the diagnosis and treatment of PCP are still difficult. This study summarizes the research progress of AIDS combined with PCP, and provides certain reference for future diagnosis and treatment