Neuroimmune interaction refers to the complex interaction between the nervous system and the immune system, which plays a key role in the skin inflammation and lesion formation of psoriasis. In recent years, studies have revealed that neuropeptides and nerve growth factors exacerbate the inflammatory response of psoriasis by regulating immune cell activity. This paper reviews the immunological basis of psoriasis, the molecular mechanisms of neuroimmune interactions, and their clinical significance. It explores the therapeutic potential of neuropeptide inhibitors and neuromodulation therapy, and looks forward to the future direction of precision treatment. It is of great significance to develop new drugs for the treatment of psoriasis and improve patient prognosis