Objective To study the occurrence of changes in meibomian gland function and morphology after phacoemulsification (Phaco) combined with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and the influencing factors of capsular contraction syndrome (CCS). Methods Selected 124 patients (124 eyes) undergoing cataract from June 2021 to December 2022,12 patients with CCS (CCS, 12) as observation group and 112 patients without CCS as control group (non-CCS, 112), and the general data, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and sensitivity (CSF) of the two groups were compared. The functional morphological changes of meibomian gland in 124 patients before and after surgery were analyzed, and the influencing factors of CCS were analyzed. Results The course of disease in observation group were higher than those in control group (P＜0.05), and the proportion of IOL in observation group with diabetes mellitus, glaucoma and hydrophilic water was higher than that in control group (P＜0.05). BCVA and CSF (1.5 c/d, 6 c/d, 18 c/d) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group before surgery, and BCVA and CSF (1.5 c/d, 6 c/d, 18 c/d) in both groups were increased 3 months after surgery compared with those before surgery(P＜0.05). The OSDI score of patients one week and one month after surgery was higher than that before surgery (P＜0.05). The proportion of meibomian gland opening blockage, palpebral margin congestion and gray line displacement one week after surgery was higher than that before surgery (P＜0.05). The thickness of tear film lipid layer and tear film rupture time of patients one week and one month after surgery were lower than that before surgery (P＜0.05). Logistic regression results were as follows: diabetes, hydrophilic IOL and glaucoma were independent risk factors for CCS in patients with cataract Phaco combined with intraocular lens implantation (P＜0.05). Conclusion After cataract Phaco combined with intraocular lens implantation, patients with CCS have poor BCVA, CSF, diabetes, glaucoma, and hydrophilic IOL are correlated with CCS in cataract patients