Objective To investigate the significance of the levels of L-amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ (LC3 Ⅱ) and zinc finger homeobox 3 (TSHZ3) in the diagnosis of bladder cancer and the risk assessment of postoperative recurrence. Methods 96 patients with bladder cancer who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumors in our hospital from September 2019 to September 2022 were selected. All patients were followed up for 12 months and their postoperative recurrence was recorded. Immunohistochemical methods were used to determine the positive expression of LAT1, LC3II, and TSHZ3 proteins. Compare the positive expression of LAT1, LC3II, and TSHZ3 proteins in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues; Compare the positive expression of LAT1, LC3II, and TSHZ3 proteins in different pathological features; Compare the positive expression of LAT1, LC3II, and TSHZ3 proteins between the recurrent group and the non recurrent group. ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of LAT1, LC3 Ⅱ and TSHZ3 expression for bladder cancer and postoperative recurrence. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between LAT1, LC3II, and TSHZ3 expression and postoperative recurrence. Results The cancer tissue positive expression rate of LAT1 was protein higher than adjacent tissue, while the positive expression rates of LC3II and TSHZ3 protein was lower than adjacent tissue (P＜0.05). The expression of LAT1, LC3II, and TSHZ3 proteins among different genders, ages, and maximum tumor diameter had no statistically significant difference (P＞0.05). The T1 phase positive expression rate of LAT1 was higher Ta phase, and the lymph node metastasis positive expression rate of LAT1 was higher than non lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05). The T1 stage positive expression rates of LC3II and TSHZ3 were lower than that of Ta stage, and the lymph node metastasis positive expression rates of LC3II and TSHZ3 were lower than that of non lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05). The recurrent group positive expression rate of LAT1was higher non recurrent group, while the positive expression rates of LC3II and TSHZ3 were lower non recurrent group (P＜0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that LAT1 sensitivity was 92.20% and specificity was 88.90% in the prediction of bladder cancer; LC3 Ⅱ has a sensitivity of 100.00% and a specificity of 86.70%; TSHZ3 has a sensitivity of 91.10% and a specificity of 91.10%. ROC curve analysis showed that LAT1 sensitivity was 87.50% and specificity was 92.20% in the prediction of postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer. LC3 Ⅱ has a sensitivity of 96.90% and a specificity of 79.70%. TSHZ3 has a sensitivity of 78.10% and a specificity of 95.30%. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that high expression of LAT1, low expression of LC3 Ⅱ, and low expression of TSHZ3 were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence. Conclusion LAT1 is highly expressed in bladder cancer patients, while LC3 Ⅱ and TSHZ3 are low expressed, which is closely related to postoperative recurrence, and has good sensitivity and specificity in predicting bladder cancer and postoperative recurrence