Maintaining appropriate oxygenation levels is very important in perioperative respiratory management. In recent years, with the use of High-flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) in respiratory medicine, critical care medicine, emergency medicine, and other clinical departments, HFNC has gradually entered into the field of perioperative management. Transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) is an emerging non-invasive airway support technique based on HFNC, which combines the advantages of traditional apneic oxygenation and HNFC. It can deliver warm, humidified high-flow oxygen to the patient and increase the safety of intubation by prolonging the duration of apnea and asphyxia, reducing the accumulation of CO2, and it has a wide range of prospects for application in the respiratory support of clinical anesthesia, such as difficult airway, shared airway surgery anesthesia and non-intubated general anesthesia, respiratory diseases, and intensive care. Therefore, this article focuses on the application of this technique in perioperative airway management in anesthesia, to provide reference and guidance on the application of the THRIVE technique in perioperative respiratory management