Objective To investigate the effects of Fuzi Lizhong Decoction on bile acid (TBA) metabolism and liver injury by FXR/FGF15 axis. Methods The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rat model was established by intragastric administration of fat milk for four weeks. After modeling, the rats were treated with Fuzi Lizhong decoction and positive drug. On the basis of that, the rats were divided into control group, model group, Fuzi Lizhong decoction group and positive drug group. The pathological changes of liver were observed by HE staining. The contents of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and free fatty acid (NEFA) were detected by biochemical analysis. The protein expression of farnesol receptor X (FXR), and fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) in ileum, and FXR in liver were detected by western blot. The mRNA expression of FXR, and FGF15 in ileum, and FXR in liver were detected by RT-PCR. The level of TBA in liver tissue was detected by ELISA. Results Compared with control group, the liver of rats in model group showed serious pathological injury, the contents of HDL-C decreased, LDL-C and NEFA increased (P＜0.05). The protein expressions of FXR in the liver and FXR and FGF15 in the ileum increased (P＜0.01). The level of TBA decreased (P＜0.01). Compared with model group, liver pathological injury was relieved in Fuzi Lizhong decoction group and positive drug group, the contents of HDL-C were increased, LDL-C and NEFA were decreased (P＜0.05). The protein expressions of FXR and FGF15 were decreased (P＜0.05), and the level of TBA was increased (P＜0.01). Conclusion Fuzi Lizhong Decoction can increase liver TBA metabolism by activating FXR-FGF15 signal in ileum, thus alleviating liver injury caused by nonalcoholic fatty liver