Abstract:Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune orbital inflammatory disease. It is the most common orbital disease in adults. In the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment, many doctors have insufficient understanding of the disease, and there are some misunderstandings in diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, misunderstandings of TAO were summarized and reviewed,including the relationship between TAO and thyroid diseases, the diagnosis of TAO, imaging examination, disease judgment and treatment options, so as to improve the understanding level of endocrinologists and ophthalmologists on the disease and avoid misdiagnosis and maltreatment