Objective To analyse the risk factors of gastric polyps and their pathological patterns by studying the clinical characteristics and related concomitant data of patients with gastric polyps in Suizhou Central Hospital, and provide a clinical basis for the prevention and diagnosis of gastric polyps. Methods Patients admitted to the gastroenterology department of Suizhou Central Hospital from 08/2021 to 08/2022 were selected. SPSS 26.0 statistical software was applied for statistical analysis and data processing. Results A total of 416 cases were collected, including 43 hyperplastic polyps, 149 fundic gland polyps, 14 inflammatory polyps and 2 adenomatous polyps. A multifactorial regression analysis revealed that Hp infection, hyperlipidaemia, elevated total cholesterol and Apo B were statistically significant for the development of hyperplastic polyps. Hyperlipidaemia, use of PPI and prolonged use of PPI and positive Hp infection were statistically significant in relation to the development of fundic polyps. History of smoking, alcohol consumption and Hp infection were statistically significant with the occurrence of gastric inflammatory polyps. Hyperlipidaemia was statistically associated with the occurrence of adenomatous polyps. Conclusion Gastric fundic polyps have become a common type of gastric polyp. The high incidence of gastric polyps is from the ages of 40 to 70, with a higher incidence in women than in men. The development of hyperplastic and inflammatory gastric polyps is positively associated with Hp infection, while fundic polyps are negatively associated with them. Hyperlipidaemia is strongly associated with the development of hyperplastic polyps, fundic gland polyps and adenomatous polyps