Objective To investigate the prognostic effect oflobectomy and sublobotomy in women with early lung adenocarcinoma. Methods The clinical data from patients with stage I and Ⅱ lung adenocarcinoma in the SEER database from 2010 to 2015 was collected. Propensity score was used to match the balanced baseline data. After matching, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the differences in overall survival (OS) and lung cancer specific survival (LCSS) between the two groups and related factors. The prognostic factors affecting patients ' OS and LCSS were analyzed by univariate and multi-factor Cox based on forward-stepwise selection proportional risk models screened out. Results A total of 6721 eligible patients were enrolled, including 5513 patients in the lobectomy group and 1208 sublobotomy group. There were 1208 patients in each group who obtained a balanced baseline data after the propensity score matching. K-M survival analysis showed OS and LCSS were superior to the sublobectomy group in the lobectomy group(P＜0.001)Cox univariate analysis found that OS (HR=1.637, 95%CI:1.419-1.890 and LCSS (HR=1.648, 95%CI: 1.367-1.988)（P＜0.001)were superior to those in the sublobectomy group. Age, divorced or widowed, tumor size, regional lymph node metastasis, pathological staging and clinical staging were all risk factors affecting LCSS and OS (P＜0.01). The lower lobe was a protective factor and Chemotherapy was a risk factor with LCSS (P＜0.001) Forward-stepwise selection analysis showed patients with age, pathological grading and clinical staging had poorer OS (P＜0.001) in addition to the influence of surgical methods on prognosis. Only clinical staging was associated with LCSS (P＜0.001). Conclusion Lobectomy in women with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ lung adenocarcinoma has better prognosis than sublobate lobectomy, and lobectomy is recommended for women with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma