Laryngeal cancer is one of the most common tumors of the head and neck region, including mostly squamous cell carcinoma. Primary neuroendocrine cancer of laryngeal is rare, accounting for about 0.5% of all laryngeal tumors. Laryngeal neuroendocrine 〖JP2〗carcinoma is a group of malignant and heterogeneous epithelial tumors characterized by neuroendocrine differentiation, with large differences in the morphology, clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis of different subtypes. Current reports on laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma are mainly case reports, and guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of such tumors are lacking. This brief review of the research progress in the clinical features, pathological diagnosis, and therapeutic prognosis of laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma, aims to provide clinicians with new and useful insights to improve the diagnostic efficiency, therapeutic efficacy, and patient outcomes of such tumors.