Objective To analyze the effect of endometrial scratching in infertile polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) women. Methods This was a retrospective matched case-control study. Overall 150 eligible participants were included in our department from October 2016 to December 2018. Endometrial scratching was undertaken between days 2-12 of the ovulation induction cycle in 75 women with PCOS. Patients (n=75) in the control group did not undergo surgery. Results Clinical characteristics of the participants were comparable. The live birth rate per patient was found to be 26 (34.7%) and 19 (25.3%) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Although the live birth rate was increased in the intervention group, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (P=0.151). There was no statistically significant difference in biochemical pregnancy rates, ectopic pregnancy rates, ongoing pregnancy rates, and miscarriage rates between the two groups. The bivariate and binary logistic regression analysis revealed that semen motility (which had been matched in the beginning) was the independent parameter related to the pregnancy outcomes in the intervention group (P=0.021). Conclusion Evidence is insufficient to determine whether there is a difference in pregnancy outcomes between endometrial injury and no intervention group in infertile PCOS women who attempting to conceive via sexual intercourse through ovulation induction. Further well-designed randomized, controlled, prospective large-sample patient studies are required to confirm or refute the role of endometrial scratching in improving pregnancy outcomes.