In recent years, the trauma center establishment in China has flourished, significantly improving the quality of treatment for multiple trauma. With the introduction of policies such as Diagnosis Related Group (DRG) payment system and new requirements for writing medical records, there have been new issues arising in the medical documentation and diagnosis of multiple trauma. In order to provide better guidance for the medical documentation and diagnosis of multiple trauma, the National Trauma Medical Center Expert Committee, the Trauma Emergency and Multiple Injury Study Group of the Chinese Medical Association Trauma Branch, the Chinese Trauma Rescue Alliance, and the Editorial Committee of the Journal of Trauma Surgery jointly led the consensus writing team consisting of experts with extensive experience in the treatment of multiple trauma, and released the “Chinese Expert Consensus on Medical documentation and Diagnosis for Multiple Trauma (2023 edition)” (hereinafter referred to as “Consensus 2023”). This article introduces the basic information of Consensus 2023, provides a detailed interpretation of the definition and classification of multiple trauma in Consensus 2023, as well as the requirements for medical documentation and diagnosis of multiple trauma, for reference by trauma medical practitioners.