To analyze the infection status and characteristics of chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) in adult patients in Chongqing area in recent five years, and provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods From January 2017 to December 2021, samples (including genital swab, semen and prostatic fluid) from 11284 patients admitted to Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children were detected by real time quantitative PCR for CT and UU, and the results were statistically analyzed. ResultsThe overall detection rates of CT, UU and CT+UU mixed infection were 4. 51% (509/11284), 43. 31% (4887/11284) and 2. 75% (310/11284), respectively. The detection rate of UU was significantly higher than that of CT(P＜0.001). The detection rates of all items in females were significantly higher than those in males (all P＜0.001). In different age groups, the detection rates of the low reproductive age group of 18~ ＜30 years old were significantly higher than those of the high reproductive age group of 30~45 years old (all P＜0.001). Among different types of samples, the detection rates of male urethral secretion were significantly higher than those of semen (both P＜0.001). Among male patients with different diagnoses, the detection rates of CT and UU in patients with genitourinary tract infection were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects (both P＜0.05), and the detection rate of UU in infertile patients was significantly higher than that in healthy subjects (P＜0.05). Among female patients with different diagnoses, the detection rate of CT in patients with genitourinary tract infection was significantly higher than that in healthy subjects (P＜0.05), and the detection rates of CT and UU in infertile patients were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects (both P＜0.05). In addition, the detection rate of UU in winter was significantly higher than in summer (P＜0.05), while the detection rate of CT in autumn was significantly higher than that in summer (P＜0.05). Conclusion In recent years, CT and UU infection of reproductive tract in adult patients in Chongqing area shows a trend of aggravation year by year. Women's infection rate is significantly higher than men . CT and UU can be used as routine screening indicators for patients with reproductive tract infection and infertility in Clinical. At the same time, attention should be paid to occult infection in asymptomatic patients, and seasonal prevention should be strengthened to reduce STD infection and transmission.