Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that mainly involves exocrine glands and is clinically characterized by dry mouth and eyes, as well as multiple systemic systems. SS can be classified as primary or secondary according to etiology. With the development of society, the prevalence of SS is increasing year by year, and its exact etiology and pathogenesis are still unknown. The prevalence of Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) showed significant gender and age difference, with a male to female ratio of 1:9 to 1:10, and the onset age of pSS was 30 to 60 years old. The changes of estrogen in females were larger than that in males. It is suggested that the changes of estrogen level may play an important role in the occurrence and development of pSS. This paper summarizes the research progress of estrogen in SS.