Objective Different doses of hemodialysis were adopted for maintenance hemodialysis patients to understand the effects of different doses of hemodialysis treatment on calcium and phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and complications in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods A retrospective study was used to select a total of 60 patients who underwent maintenance hemodialysis at Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital and Jinniu District People's Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 and were eligible. They were divided into three groups: standard hemodialysis dose group A (3×4 hours/week), low frequency hemodialysis dose group B (2×4 hours/week), and low dialysis time hemodialysis dose group C (3×3 hours/week). The study duration was 1 year, and the blood biochemical parameters, namely blood creatinine (Scr), urea nitrogen (BUN), albumin (Alb), blood calcium, blood phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone (PTH), were measured before, at 2 months, at 6 months, and at 12 months after treatment, and the number of complications was recorded at 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months after treatment, respectively, and the final statistical analysis was performed to draw conclusions. Results There was no significant difference in serum calcium and phosphorus and PTH levels among the three dialysis groups before the study (P＞0.05), and at the end of the study the standard calcium and phosphorus levels were highest in the standard hemodialysis dose group (P＜0.05) and lowest in the low-frequency hemodialysis dose group (P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference in PTH among the three groups (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in all complications (gastrointestinal symptoms, neurological symptoms, skin symptoms, hypotensive events, and acute cardiovascular events) among the three groups before the study (P＞0.05), and at the end of the study, there was no significant difference in gastrointestinal symptoms among the three groups (P＞0.05), and all other symptoms were better in the standard hemodialysis dose group compared with the other two groups (P＜0.05), while the low dialysis time hemodialysis dose group was better than the low The frequency hemodialysis dose group was better than the low frequency hemodialysis dose group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Maintaining the standard hemodialysis dose in hemodialysis patients is beneficial for maintaining normal calcium and phosphorus metabolism and reducing complications. When the standard hemodialysis dose could not be achieved, the hemodialysis dose with reduced dialysis time by taking the standard dialysis frequency was better than the hemodialysis dose with reduced dialysis frequency by maintaining only the standard hemodialysis time each time, but the effects on PTH and digestive symptoms were not significant in each group.