Objective To compare the effects of PCV-VG mode and VCV mode on lung function in patients with thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer. Method A total of 66 patients with thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer from January 2019 to February 2021 in Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University were collected. They were divided into PCV-VG group(observation group) and VCV group(control group) by random number table method, with 33 cases in observation group and 33 cases in control group. The peak airway pressure(Ppeak), mean airway pressure(Pmean) and pulmonary dynamic compliance(Cdyn) were recorded and calculated at 15min after lateral decubitus(T0), 30min after single lung ventilation(T1), 60min after single lung ventilation(T2), and 15min after lung ventilation recovery(T3). The blood samples of radial artery were collected, and the values of PaO2 and PaCO2 were measured by blood gas analysis. The levels of SP-D, Ang-2, IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were measured by ELISA. After recovery of bilateral lung ventilation for 15 min, the lung ultrasound score(LUS) was performed. Results At the time points of T1 and T2, the values of Ppeak and Pmean increased, the values of Cdyn and PaO2 decreased between these two groups, and the increasing or decreasing range of control group was more significant than observation group(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in PaCO2 between the two groups(P＞0.05). With the prolongation of time in the two groups, the levels of SP-D, Ang-2, IL-6 and TNF-α were all increased, but the degree of increase was more obvious in control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05). Compared with control group, LUS in observation group was lower(10.2±2.3 and 12.1±3.2, respectively), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with VCV, PCV-VG can significantly reduce the Ppeak and Pmean of patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer, improve pulmonary compliance and oxygenation, and reduce the level of cytokines related to lung injury, so as to reduce lung injury, which was confirmed by lung ultrasound evaluation.