【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effects of different time administration of nalbuphine on coughing response in patients undergoing endoscopic pituitary adenoma resection. Methods90 patients scheduled for endoscopic pituitary adenoma resection in The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from June 2018 to September 2019 were randomly assigned to three groups，according to random number table method. In group A，0.1 mg/kg of nalbuphine was given intravenously at 30 minutes before the start of the operation. In group B，0.1 mg/kg of nalbuphine was given intravenously at 30 minutes before the end of the operation. The nalbuphine was not administered to the group C. Anesthesia induction was done with midazolam 0.02 mg/kg，sufentanil 0.3 μg/kg，etomidate 0.2 mg/kg and rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg. Anesthesia was maintained by propofol and remifentanil. The grade of cough during emergence was recorded. The mean arterial pressure (MAP)and heart rate (HR)were determined at four specific time points of withdrawal，response to verbal commences，extubated，and 2min after extubation. The time from withdrawal to extubation time were recorded. The adverse events include hypoxia and respiratory inhibition was recorded. ResultsThe incidence of moderate and severe cough was 60% in group A，13.3% in group B and 76.6% in group C. Compared with group A and group C，the degree of cough in group B was slighter (P<0.05)，but there was no significant difference between group A and group C (P>0.05). Compared with T0，the MAP at T1 and T2 and the HR at T3 and T4 in group A were higher than those at T0 (P<0.05). HR at T2 and T3 in group B increased，but there was no significant difference in MAP at each time point during recovery. MAP and HR at T1，T2 and T3 in group C increased. Compared with group A and group C，the MAP and HR indexes at T2 and T3 in group B were more stable，and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no difference in extubation time between the three groups. Conclusion0.1 mg/kg of nalbuphine was given intravenously at 30 minutes before the end of the operation is more conducive to alleviate the cough of patients undergoing endoscopic pituitary adenoma resection and does not prolong the recovery time.