Objective To explore the pathogenic factors of chronic superficial gastritis in school-age children and their influence on nutritional status.Methods A total of 150 school-age children with chronic superficial gastritis admitted to this hospital from September 2019 to September 2020 in the Shijiazhuang area were selected as the gastritis group，and 150 cases of healthy school-age children who underwent physical examinations in the same period were randomly selected as the control group. Compare the two groups of nutritional indicators，general information，hygiene habits，family situation，eating habits，medical history，psychological factors，multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the pathogenic factors of chronic superficial gastritis. Results The hemoglobin，albumin，serum ferritin，serum zinc，and iron level of the gastritis group were lower than those of the control group，and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Gender，age，frequent hand washing，special tableware，chewing toys or fingers，chewing food，drinking raw water，family economic status，snacking preference，eating vegetables，The differences in history were not statistically significant (P>0.05)，and there were differences in guardian education，family members，love to eat fruits，love to eat meat，Hp infection，family history of gastrointestinal diseases，family disharmony，boarding，and learning difficulties There is statistical significance (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the guardian′s educational background，family members，love to eat fruits，Hp infection，family history of gastrointestinal disease，family disharmony，boarding，learning difficulties are the influencing factors of chronic superficial gastritis (P<0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of chronic superficial gastritis will affect the nutritional status of children and is not conducive to the growth and development of children，so it should be actively prevented. The pathogenic factors of chronic superficial gastritis in school-age children include guardian education，family members，love to eat fruits，Hp infection，family history of gastrointestinal diseases，family disharmony，boarding，learning difficulties，etc. ，which can provide for the prevention of chronic superficial gastritis in school-age children reference.