Objective To observe the efficacy and adverse reaction of eltrombopag and high dose immunoglobulin combined with glucocorticoid treating patients with cITP. Methods 51 cases of children patients with cITP were divided into the two groups. Of which, 19 cases received the treatment of elthrombopag, 32 cases received treatment that combined immunoglobulin and glucocorticoid, liver and renal function, coagulation function, myocardial enzyme spectrum and ECG examination were monitored routinely. Results The occurrence of complete response, response, durable response and no response of these the two groups of children patients were compared after different treatments, the difference is not statistically significant (P＞0.05). The recovery status of PLT count after treatments were compared, Prior to treatment and 7 days, 14 days, 1 month after treatments, the difference of PLT count in these the two groups is not statistically significant(P＞0.05), but 3 month after treatment, the difference of PLT count in these the two groups is statistically significant(P＜0.05). The comparison between the adverse reaction rate in these the two groups showed that the rate in elthrombopag treatment group was 15.79% and the rate in treatment group of immunoglobulin combined with glucocorticoid was 71.88%, and the difference of the adverse reaction rate is statistical significance (P=0.000). Conclusion Efficacy of eltrombopag and high dose immunoglobulin combined with glucocorticoid in treating cITP is basically similar to the efficacy of promoting the recovery of PLT count, however, eltrombopage has a more lasting effect in the process of PLT enhancement, the effect is not easy to rebound, and there are fewer adverse reactions.