Objective To investigate the mechanism of Bushen Huoxue decoction (BHXF) on human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HLF). Methods Human embryonic lung fibroblasts were induced by TGF-1. The experimental cells were divided into blank group (Group A), TGF-1 model group (Group B), TGF-1 treatment + best concentration of drug-containing Serum Intervention 1 hour group (Group C), TGF-1 treatment + Shrna-il-17a Group (Group D), tGF-1 treatment plus the best concentration of drug-containing serum interfered 1H+Il-17a overexpression plasmid group (Group E), after the corresponding drug culture, the changes of cell increment rate, Collagen and Il-17a expression were detected. Results The proliferation rate, Collagen, Il-17a and Il-17a Mrna expression of human embryonic lung fibroblasts in group B were significantly higher than those in group a (P＜0.05). The cell proliferation rate, Collagen protein, IL-17A protein content and IL-17AmRNA expression in Group C and D were significantly lower than those in Group B, while those in Group E were significantly higher than those in Group C. Conclusion Bushen Huoxue decoction can effectively degrade the content of Collagen in human embryonic lung fibroblasts, and it has a strong defibrination effect, which is mainly through blocking the IL-17A pathway and degrading Collagen.