Objective To study the quality of life related to sleep and vision in patients with primary glaucoma, and to provide evidence-based medicine basis for clinical intervention. Methods A total of 116 primary glaucoma patients were enrolled in the Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from August 2019 to December 2020. Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale (PSQI), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and the national eye institute visual function questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) were used for the questionnaire survey and analyzed the correlation between the scores of the various questionnaires. The effects of gender, age, education level, residence and income on sleep, mental health and life treatment were analyzed. Results The PSQI score of patients with primary glaucoma was 10.59±3.69, the scores of SAS and SDS were 53.05±7.64 and 56.31±9.07, respectively, and the score of NEI-VFQ-25 was 65.30±11.61. The PSQI scores of glaucoma patients were positively correlated with SAS scores (r=0.34, P＜0.01), SAS scores were positively correlated with SDS scores (r=0.40, P＜0.01), and PSQI scores were not correlated with SDS scores (P＞0.05). NEI-VFQ-25 scores was negatively correlated with SAS score (r=-0.37, P＜0.01), and NEI-VFQ-25 score was not correlated with PSQI score and SDS score (P＞0.05). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of anxiety in patients with open-angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma (P＞0.001). The differences in the prevalence of anxiety disorders and insomnia among patients of all ages were statistically significant (P＞0.05). The prevalence of anxiety and insomnia in glaucoma patients with different economic income was statistically significant (P＞0.05). The prevalence of anxiety and insomnia in glaucoma patients with different economic income was statistically significant (P＞0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of depression among patients with glaucoma by gender, age, living environment and educational level (P＜0.001,P＜0.05,P＜0.001,P＜0.001). Conclusion Patients with primary glaucoma have a higher incidence of anxiety and depression, poor sleep quality and quality of life. Anxiety, depression, insomnia and quality of life of patients with primary glaucoma are related to gender, age, educational level, living environment, income and other factors. Individual psychological counseling and health education should be carried out in clinical work.