【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effect of CCR5 gene silencing on the TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-1 and MMP-3 inflammation factor of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) rats. Methods The RA rat model was constructed by collagen induction method. RA rat synovial cells were isolated and cultured, and the cells were divided into 4 groups: RA group (RA rat synovial cells), RA + NC group (adding liposome-encapsulated NC siRNA), RA + mock group (adding liposome), RA + siRNA group (adding liposome-encapsulated CCR5 siRNA). RNA interference technology was used to interfere with the expression of CCR5 in rat synovial cells. After interference, qRT-PCR was used to detect the relative expression levels of CCR5 and inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-1 and MMP-3 mRNA in synovial cells of each group. Western Blot was used to detect the expression of CCR5 protein, and ELISA was used to detect the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-1, and MMP-3 in the supernatant of synovial cells in each group. Results After interfering with the expression of CCR5 in rat synovial cells, compared with the RA group, the mRNA and protein levels of CCR5, TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-1, MMP-3 in the RA+siRNA group were significantly reduced (P＜005). Compared with RA group, there was no significant difference between RA+NC group and RA+mock group (P＞005). Conclusion Silencing CCR5 can inhibit the expression of CCR5 mRNA and its protein, and help to reduce the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-1 and MMP-3 in RA rat synoviocytes, and reduce inflammation in rat synovial cells. This research provides a new direction for using RNA interference technology to silence CCR5 for the treatment of RA.