【Abstract】Objective To study the correlation between allergic rhinitis and meteorological factors. Methods The data of 79,948 patients with allergic rhinitis diagnosed and treated in two large comprehensive Third grade A hospitals in Nanchong city from June 2016 to May 2019 were collected and analyzed together with the meteorological and environmental monitoring data of Nanchong Meteorological Bureau during the same period. The nonparametric tests were used to determine whether there were significant differences in the case data in different seasons. According to the definition of cold air, the daily average air temperature, daily average relative humidity, sunshine duration, variation of the daily average air temperature and the daily average air temperature of the previous day, variation of the daily average pressure and the daily average pressure of the previous day, variation of the daily average relative humidity and the daily average relative humidity of the previous day, daily average PM10 concentration, daily rainfall, and daily maximum wind force were selected for 10 meteorological elements. The case data and meteorological elements were divided into cold air group and noncold air group for comparative analysis, and the case data equation was established by stepwise regression method. Results Among the average daily incidence of allergic rhinitis in different seasons, the difference between spring and winter was not significant(P＞005), the difference between summer and autumn was not significant(P＞005), there were significant differences between summer and spring or winter, winter and summer or autumn (P＜005). With and without cold air, the average daily incidence of allergic rhinitis in spring, winter and four seasons was significantly different(P＜005), but not in summer and autumn(P＞005). There were significant differences in the influence of 10 meteorological factors on allergic rhinitis(P＜005). Stepwise regression method was used to establish the meteorological equation of the daily number of allergic rhinitis patients. when there was no cold air effect, the test effect of the equation was tolerableness(accounted for 624%), and when the cold air effect was relatively ideal(accounted for 880%). ConclusionThe average daily incidence of allergic rhinitis were significantly different between summer and winter or spring, winter and summer or autumn. The cold air and the mutation of meteorological elements had a significant influence on the number of allergic rhinitis patients. The change of meteorological factors can predict the incidence trend of allergic rhinitis, which has important clinical significance for the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis.