【Abstract】Objective To explore the effect of combined use of fiberoptic bronchoscope suction and alveolar lavage on inflammatory factors and respiratory function in patients with lung infection after lung cancer surgery. Methods A total of 194 postoperative lung infection patients with lung cancer admitted to the hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were selected, and the patients were divided into observation group (n=97) and control group (n=97), according to the random number table method. Patients in the control group were given conventional treatment, and patients in the observation group were given combined treatment of sputum aspiration with fiberoptic bronchoscope and alveolar lavage on the basis of conventional treatment. The effects of clinical treatment on inflammatory factors and respiratory function of patients in the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results In terms of the total effective rate of clinical treatment, 9381% of the observation group was significantly higher than 7216% of the control group, and the difference was significant (P＜005). In terms of arterial blood gas indicators, PaO2 and SpO2 were significantly increased at 3d and 7d after treatment in the two groups, and PaCO2 was decreased. The difference was statistically significant (P＜005). Compared with the control group, the above indicators of the observation group improved significantly. It was statistically significant (P＜005). In terms of inflammatory factor levels, the levels of highsensitivity Creactive protein (hsCRP), IL8 and TNFɑ at 3 and 7 days after treatment in the two groups were significantly lower than before treatment. Moreover, the degree of reduction in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜005). In terms of respiratory function indicators, the airway resistance, peak airway pressure and work of breathing of the two groups were higher than those of the control group at 3 and 7 days after treatment. Significantly decreased, and the degree of decrease in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P＜005). Conclusion The combined use of fiberoptic bronchoscope suction and alveolar lavage to treat patients with lung infection after lung cancer surgery can achieve significant clinical effects, effectively reduce the patient's inflammatory response, and significantly improve the respiratory function.