【Abstract】Objective To comparison the effects of ultrasoundguided quadratus lumborum block and transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia after gynecological laparoscopy. Methods 127 ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients underwent gynecological laparoscopic surgery in Chongqing Institute of Population and Family Planning Science and Technology from January 2016 to June 2017 were randomly divided into QLB group (n=64) and TAPB group (n=63). Both groups received postoperative analgesia. The time of first pressing analgesia pump, the time of first getting out of bed after operation, VAS score of pain, BCS comfort score and consumption of sufentanil within 48 hours after operation were observed and recorded. The incidence of adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting, vertigo and skin pruritus were recorded.Results No complications related to QLB and TAPB were observed in both groups. Compared with TAPB group, the VAS score of QLB group was lower at 8, 12 and 24 hours after operation, and the BCS score was higher at 012, 1224 and 2436 hours after operation (P＜005) The consumption of sufentanil in QLB group was significantly lower than that in TAPB group (P＜005). The incidence of excessive sedation, nausea, vomiting and vertigo in QLB group was significantly lower than that in TAPB group. Conclusion QLB is more effective than TAPB in providing ideal multimodal postoperative analgesia for patients undergoing gynecological endoscopic surgery, and can reduce the dosage of opioids and the occurrence of adverse reactions, which is conducive to promoting the rehabilitation of patients.