【Abstract】Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pump and subcutaneous insulin injection for 1 year in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods 33 patients with type 1 diabetes treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pump for more than 1 year were selected as the observation group. 31 patients with type 1 diabetes received special outpatient treatment and subcutaneous insulin injection 4 times a day were treated as the control group. The general information, blood glucose control, incidence of hypoglycemia, insulin dose and number of hospitalization and so on were compared between the two groups. Results The blood glucose of the observation group was well controlled by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pump for 1 year, and FBG and HbA1c were significantly different before and after treatment (P＜005). There was no significant difference in FBG between the two groups (P＞005). The control of HbA1c in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P＜005). There was no significant difference in daily insulin dose (u/d/kg) (P＞005). The incidence of hypoglycemia and hospitalization frequency in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜005).Conclusion The use of insulin pump in the treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes has obvious hypoglycemic effect, better control of HbA1c, lower incidence of hypoglycemia, fewer hospitalization times, and good safety. It can be widely used in the treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes.