【Abstract】 Objective To investigate whether nux vomica can be used as a potential drug target for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Based on the oral bioavailability (OB) and drug like (DL), the chemical constituents and their corresponding target genes were screened out in TCMSP. Searching genecards, OMIM and other databases to screen the related targets of OA disease, the network of drug active component gene disease was constructed by using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software. Finally, the protein interaction network was constructed by string platform, and the key proteins were screened. At the same time, go function and KEGG pathway enrichment of target genes were analyzed. Results According to OB and DL, 13 main active components of nux vomica were screened, and 17 target genes related to the treatment of OA were identified. Ten key proteins and five signaling pathways were screened, and these targets and pathways were mainly related to analgesic, antiinflammatory, nuclear receptor and estrogen signaling pathways. Conclusion Nux vomica has the characteristics of multichannel, multicomponent and multitarget in the treatment of OA. The nuclear receptor family may be the potential drug target of nux vomica in the treatment of osteoarthritis.