【Abstract】 ObjectiveTo explore the effects of nimodipine combined with acarbose on diabetic peripheral neuropathy and inflammatory factors. Methods 100 patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy admitted to our hospital from May 2017 to May 2018 were selected and randomly divided into study group and control group, 50 patients in each group. Patients in both groups were given conventional treatment, while patients in the control group were given acarbose (50mg/time, tid, Po) on the basis of conventional treatment. In the study group, nimodipine, 40mg/time, tid, Po were given on the basis of the treatment in the control group. All patients were treated for 1 month. Clinical efficacy was evaluated after treatment. The Toronto scores, MCV and SCV of common peroneal nerve and median nerve before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. HIF-1α, VEGF, FFA, TNF-α, BDNF, NGF, MBP levels were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results The total effective rate in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (88.0% vs 64.0%) (P＜0.01). The Toronto scores in the research group after treatment were significantly lower than those before and after treatment in the control group (P＜0.01). After treatment, the MCV and SCV of the common peroneal nerve and median nerve in the study group were significantly higher than those before and in the control group (P＜0.01). The difference between Toronto scores before and after treatment in the research group, and the difference between MCV and SCV values of common peroneal nerve and median nerve before and after treatment were significantly higher than those before and after treatment in the control group (P＜0.01). The serum levels of HIF-1α, VEGF, FFA, TNF-α and MBP in the study group were significantly lower than those before and after treatment, and the levels of BDNF and NGF in the study group were significantly higher than those before and after treatment (P＜0.01). Serum HIF-1α, VEGF, FFA, TNF-α, MBP, BDNF, NGF were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (P＜0.01). Conclusion Nimodipine combined with acarbose can significantly improve the degree of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, reduce the level of inflammation and improve the nerve conduction velocity and the level of neurotrophic factors in blood of patients.