【Abstract】Objective To compare content of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published within two years in Annals of Internal Medicine, with the information contained in trial registries and the corrective measures. Methods All the papers published in Annals of Internal Medicine from January 2017 to December 2018 were included. The differences between the contents of the trial registration and the final published papers were compared from 11 aspects: title, main research purpose, secondary research purpose, research type, inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, age group, followup, sample size, main results and secondary results. If the registration content of the trial matches the content of the final published paper, 2 points will be counted, 1 point will be counted as part of the match, and 0 point will be recorded if there is no match at all. The maximum possible score of each paper is 2 × 11, that is 22 points.Results The mean value achieved by RCTs was 1373. No RCT achieved a perfect score of 22. The largest proportion of RCTs reported secondary objectives, study type, treatment age group, follow up, sample size and primary outcomes fully correctly. However, only 1351%, 1622% and 2432% of RCTs were perfect matches with registry entries in terms of title, primary objective and secondary outcomes respectively. Conclusion There exist discrepancies between trial registration and published paper even in a high impact factor journal. Both authors and editors should adhere to CONSORT guidelines to ensure transparency of published research.