Ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP) is a common hospital acquired infection in China with high morbidity and mortality, and early diagnosis is difficult. At present, Lung tissue biopsy and sputum culture are the gold standards for the diagnosis of pulmonary infection, but the lung tissue collection is invasive, the sputum culture takes a long time and it has the high false positive rate, so the clinical application of them is limited. In recent years, many studies have found that the level of some inflammatory markers can change early in VAP and can also provide a basis for early treatment and prognosis of VAP. Procalctionin (PCT), soluble triggering receptor expressed on myloid cell1 (sTREM1),Creactive protein (CRP), soluble urine The soluble urokinase plasminogen receptor (suPAR) are four most important inflammatory markers in the application value of VAP currently. Most studies suggested that the level of PCT, sTREM1, CRP, suPAR in blood and the level of PCT, sTREM1 in bronehoalveola lavage fluid (BALF) have great value in the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of VAP. This article reviews the application value of the above four inflammatory markers in VAP.