Objective To evaluate the risk factors of postoperative cardiac events in single lumen endotracheal intubation with artificial pneumothorax undergoing radical esophagectomy with videoassisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Methods A retrospective analysis of 858 cases from January 2014 to April 2017 in Sichuan Cancer Hospital with single lumen endotracheal intubation with artificial pneumothorax undergoing radical esophagectomy with VATS. Patients were divided into 2 groups(PCE/NPCE) based on the occurrence of postoperative cardiac events. Next, we analyzed clinical characteristics and surgical anesthesia related indicators of the two groups of patients. Through the multifactor regression analysis, risk factors for postoperative cardiac events were identified. Results A total of 858 patients were enrolled in the study, of which 46 cases of PCE (536%). There were significant differences between the patients groups in age＞70, ASA＞ Ⅲ grade, clinical risk factors＞3, CVP＞ 20cmH2O, hemodynamics abnormal undulate(≥Base value 30%) and Paw＞30cmH2O (P＜0.05), Logistic regression analysis showed that age＞70, ASA＞Ⅲ grade, clinical risk factors＞3 , CVP＞ 20cmH2O and hemodynamics abnormal undulate (≥Base value 30%) is an independent risk factor of postoperative cardiac events. Conclusion age＞70, ASA＞Ⅲ grade, clinical risk factors＞3 , CVP＞ 20cmH2O and hemodynamics abnormal undulate (≥Base value 30%) are independent risk factors for postoperative cardiac events 〖JP〗in single lumen endotracheal intubation with artificial pneumothorax undergoing radical esophagectomy with VATS.