【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of nasopharyngeal carcinomatargeted peptidemodified recombinant human vascular endostatin on growth of transplanted tumor in nude mice and provide new ideas for targeted treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer. Methods pET-28a-rES and pET-28a-rES-NTP plasmids were synthesized. rES and rES-NTP recombinant proteins were expressed by the E.coli expression system, and identified by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDSPAGE) and western blot (WB). A nude mouse xenograft model of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE1 cells was established. The content of the two recombinant proteins in tumor tissues at different time points after injection was detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (Elisa). Nude mice with successful modeling were randomly divided into control group, rES group, and rES-NTP group. The three groups were injected with saline, rES recombinant protein (15 mg/kg), and rESNTP recombinant protein (15 mg/kg) every other day for 4 weeks, respectively. The volume and weight of the transplanted tumor were measured. The expression of CD31 in the transplanted tumor was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA and protein expression of VEGF and HIF-1ɑ in the transplanted tumor was detected by WB and quantitative PCR. Results The molecular weights of rES and rES-NTP recombinant proteins were 22.48 kd and 23.33 kd, respectively. Tthey were correctly identified by SDS-PAGE and WB. The content of rESNTP in tumor tissues was higher than that of rES at 5 min, 30 min, 1 h, 3 h, and 6 h after tail vein injection (P＜0.05), and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant at 12 h after injection (P＞0.05). The volume and weight of the transplanted tumors in the rESNTP group were significantly inhibited, which were lower than those in the control group and the rES group (P＜0.05). The expression levels of CD31, VEGF and HIF-1ɑ in the rES-NTP group were lower than those in the control group and the rES group (P＜0.05). Conclusion rES-NTP recombinant protein has a good tumor targeting ability and can effectively inhibit the growth of transplanted tumor and angiogenesis, and downregulate the expression of VEGF and HIF-1