【Abstract】 Objective To improve the rationality o£ the use of antibiotics in perioperative period of orthopaedic class I incision surgery. Methods 619 cases o£ orthopaedic type I incision were collected from November 2015 to October 2016 in our hospital by software. The preventive use o£ antibiotics during perioperative period was retrospectively analyzed. Results 514 of 619 surgical patients used prophylactic antibiotics. The use rate was 83.04%. All o£ them were single drug use. The first two kinds o£ prophylactic drugs were ceftizozole sodium (49. 42%) and cefazolin sodium (33. 27%). 311 patients were given antibiotics 0. 5-1 h before operation, accounting for 60. 51 %. 337 patients were given prophylactic drugs for no more than 48 hours, accounting for 65. 56%. In irrational drug use, prophylactic drugs were used for prophylactic drugs. The highest proportion o£ improper selection was 52. 72%. Conclusion There are still some unreasonable points in perioperative prophylactic use o£ antibiotics for orthopaedic class I surgery in our hospital, such as improper indication o£ medication, improper selection o£ varieties, improper timing o£ medication and long duration o£ medication. Measures should be taken to strengthen the management o£ antibiotics and promote the rational use o£ antibiotics.