【Abstract】 Objective To study the effect of stilbene glycoside （THSG） on proliferation and apoptosis of HepG2 cells and its mechanism. Methods HepG2 cells were cultured in vitro. Cells were treated with varying doses of THSG （0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 mmol/L） for 24, 48 and 72 h. The cell survival was detected by CCK8 assay. After HepG2 cells were treated with varying doses of THSG （0, 5, 10, 20 mmol/L） for 24 h, the cell cycle distribution was measured using flow cytometery after propidium iodide staining. The cell apoptosis was determined by Annexin V/PI methods. The expression levels of Eagl, p21, p27, CyclinEl and CDK2 were determined by Western Blot. Results After treatment with THSG in HepG2 cells at 24, 48 and 72 h, IC50 were 58. 4, 39. 7 and 21. 6 mmol/L, respectively. Cell viability significantly decreased with dose- and time- dependent manners after treatment with THSG in HepG2 cells. Cell cycle arrested during the Go /Gi phase accompanied by the induction of apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. With THSG increasing, HepG2 cells apoptosis index gradually increased （P＜0.05）. Expression levels of Eagl, CyclinEl and CDK2 proteins were decreased, while the expression levels of p21, p27 were greatly increased in a dose-dependent manner （P＜00. 05）. Conclusion THSG could suppress the proliferation of HepG2 cells, and induce the apoptosis of HepG2 cells through the up-regulation of p21, p27 and down-regulation of Eagl, CyclinEl and CDK2 proteins.