【Abstract】 Objective To explore the characteristics of adenovirus prevalence and incidence in military barracks in plateau area. Methods 698 army patients with respiratory diseases from November 2016 to February 2018 were collected from the General Hospital of Tibet Military Region. Pharyngeal swabs were collected for detection and typing of adenovirus by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The incidence rate was observed. The epidemiological characteristics of adenovirus patients, such as seasonal distribution, population characteristics, clinical symptoms and treatment programs were analyzed. The occult infection of adenovirus was detected in 500 persons without symptoms of acute respiratory diseases in the military barracks during the acute period. Results Adenovirus infection accounted for 50.7% (354 / 698) of the patients with acute respiratory diseases, of which 55 type accounted for 92.6%. The incidence was mainly in December, January and February (85.0%). The incidence was the highest in the 1822yearold group (82.7%). Soldiers accounted for 853% and cadres 14.7%. The main symptoms were fever (39.1±0.8 ℃), cough (96.3%), pharyngeal pain (95.2%), muscle ache and weakness (64.1%). Laboratory examination showed that the leukocytes were mainly normal ［(4~10)×109/L] or increased (＞10×109/L). CT showed that the lung lesions were mostly exudative in the lower lung field. After receiving antiviral treatment and symptomatic treatment, they all improved. Among 500 asymptomatic patients, the probability of hiding gonad virus was 10.0%. Conclusion In the past two years, the acute respiratory infectious diseases in the military barracks in the highland area were mainly adenovirus type 55, which had an acute onset and strong infectivity. It was prone to occur in winter, mainly in young soldiers. After being given antiviral and symptomatic treatment, they were all cured, providing basis for the control of the adenovirus epidemic in the army.