Objective To investigate the efficacy of Shenwei compound, a traditional Chinese medicine, on patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods 162 patients with CKD (stages III to V) without dialysis were recruited and randomly divided into control group (82 patients) and (treatment group 80 patients). All patients were followed up every month for 24 weeks. The control group was treated with routine western medicine for 24 weeks, while the treatment group was treated with traditional Chinese medicine Shenwei Compound for 24 weeks on the basis of routine western medicine. The clinical symptoms, urea nitrogen, creatinine, glomerular filtration rate, urinary protein and urinary erythrocyte of the two groups were observed before and after treatment. Results There was no significant difference in baseline data between treatment group and control group before treatment (P＞0.05). The total clinical effective rate of treatment group was higher than that of control group(P＜0.05). The serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and glomerular filtration rate of treatment group were better than that of control group (P＜0.05). After 24 weeks of observation, there was no significant difference in the improvement of urinary protein and urinary erythrocyte between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Shenwei Compound combined with western medicine has a remarkable curative effect on CKD. The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine is more useful than that of conventional western medicine in the treatment of CKD.