【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the expression and clinical significance of peripheral blood T cell subsets and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). Methods 62 CGN patients and 44 healthy volunteers admitted to our hospital from June 2016 to May 2018 were selected as the study subjects. The expression levels of T cell subsets and VEGF in peripheral blood of all the staff were detected. VEGF was detected by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). T cell subsets in peripheral blood were detected by monoclonal antibody. The correlation between factors influencing the expression level of peripheral blood T cell subsets and VEGF and the severity of the disease were analyzed. Results CD3+ , CD4+ and CD4+ /CD8+ in the CGN group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of VEGF in the CGN group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Among the 62 patients with CGN, 40 were mild (64. 52%) , and 24 were severe (38.71%). CD3+ , CD4+ , CD4+ /CD8+ values of patients with severe CGN were significantly lower than those of patients with mild CGN, and VEGF levels were significantly increased (P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that CD3+ , CD4+ , CD4+ /CD8+ expression levels were negatively correlated with CGN disease typing (P<0.05) " and VEGF expression level was positively correlated with CGN disease typing(P<0.05). Conclusion Peripheral blood T cell subsets and plasma VEGF were highly expressed in patients with CGN, and the expression levels of various factors in the T cell subgroup were negatively correlated with the severity of CGN, while VEGF expression levels were positively correlated with patients with CGN. Therefore, the improvement of immunity and the control of VEGF are of great significance in the treatment of this disease.