【Abstract】 Objective In recent years, the incidence of cardiovascular complications in female diabetic patients has increased year by year, which is closely related to female obesity. Asprosin is a protein hormone derived from adipose tissue which can increase blood glucose and weight-gain. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between plasma asprosin level and glucose/lipid metabolism in female with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods 50 female patients with type 2 diabetes and 53 healthy female were selected as the diabetes group and the control group respectively. The levels of plasma asprosin and glucose/lipid metabolic indicators were compared between two groups. Sperman correlation analysis and logistic regression were conducted to illustrate the correlation between levels of plasma asprosin and glucose/ lipid metabolism profiles, as well as indicators of insulin resistance. Results Compared with the control group, the diabetic group showed higher fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance index, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein, as well as they also showed significantly higher asprosin level (P<0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that the plasma asprosin level was positively correlated with fasting glucose, fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, steady state model assessment of insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) were positively correlated (r= 0. 039-0. 355, P<0.05). In the diabetic group, after adjustment for age, the plasma asprosin level was positively correlated with fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, HOMA-IR were positively correlated (r=0.534 , P=0.000 ； r=0.410 , P=0.003；r=0.400, P=0.004). However, after dividing all diabetes patients into normal body weight subgroup (BMK24kg/m2) and overweight/obesity subgroup (BMI≧24kg/m2) , no difference in plasma asprosin level was found between the two subgroups (P〉0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that plasma asprosin was an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes in women (P<0.05). Conclusion The level of plasma asprosin is correlated with glucose and lipid metabolism in female with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and it may be a potential predictor of type 2 diabetes mellitus.