【Abstract】 Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation alone in the treatment of primary hepatic carcinoma. Methods 90 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were selected for this study. According to the different treatment methods, the patients were divided into transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with percutaneous radiofrequency ablation group (50 cases), and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation alone group (40 cases), and the outcome was observed. Results There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications such as pain, lung infection, bleeding, and nausea and vomiting at 1 month after surgery. The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) at 1 month after surgery in both groups were lower than those before surgery (P＜0.05), but serum ALT and AST in the combined treatment group were significantly lower than those treated with radiofrequency ablation alone (P＜0.05). At the same time, the combined treatment group also significantly improved the recent effective rate compared with the percutaneous radiofrequency ablation treatment alone group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Both treatment options can effectively treat primary liver cancer, but compared with radiofrequency ablation alone, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with percutaneous radiofrequency ablation has a higher remission rate in the treatment of primary liver cancer. More conducive to the recovery of liver function and reduce postoperative complications.