【Abstract】 Objective To Investigate the use of antacids for stress ulcer prevention in orthopaedic surgery and evaluated its rationality．Methods To formulate valuation standards of antacids used for stress ulcer prophylaxis, 400 patients using antacids were chose from October 1, 2015 to December 31,2015. Statistics analysis was applied in the antacids use situation．The rationality was assessed. Results There were 175 cases were selected with the propensity to choose essential drugs (Omeprazole, cimetidine). Reasonable treatment had 68 patients (38.86%). The cimetidine reasonable utilization rate was up to 61.29%. The ranitidine lowest was to 14.29%. 71 cases (66.35%) were with no indication for prophylaxis.28 cases (26.17%) were too long in treatment and 2 cases (1.87%) of drug interactions. Conclusion More powerful management on antacids for preventing the stress ulcer is needed, especially in strict accordance with the indications of medication.