【Abstract】 Objectives To determine the genetic and environmental risk factors in cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND) after ischemic stroke (IS), as well as whether there was evidence of geneenvironment interactions. Methods The samples consisted the Han people with firstever IS at the age of ranging from 19 to 80 years. The ACE I/D polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the possible risk factors involved in CIND were collected in detail. The cognitive function was evaluated at 3 months after IS according to the Chinese version of MiniMental State Examination (MMSE) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSMⅣR). Univariate and logistic regression analysis was used for statistical analysis. Results 235 patients were entered into the study and 212 patients were evaluated at the postIS 3 months. 185 were performed statistical analysis after exclusion of 27 patients with dementia, and 42 patients were diagnosed as CIND. Multivariate logistic regression suggested that the diabetes (OR=2887, P＜005), infarct volume (OR=4734, P＜005) and ACE DD genotype (OR=2852, P＜005）might be independent risk factors of CIND after IS, however, there was no evidence of interactions. Conclusion Diabetes, infarct volume and ACE DD genotype are associated independently with postIS CIND.