【Abstract】 Objective To survey the clinical features, status of antihypertensive treatment, and control of hypertension among hypertensive patients treated in department of cardiology of tertiary hospitals in central cities in Southwest China. Methods Five tertiary hospitals, two in Chengdu, and one each in Guiyang, Chongqing, and Kunming, were selected as the centers of study. Inpatients in department of cardiology from August 2011 to February 2012 who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Information regarding general demographics, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, target organ damage or associated diseases among hypertensive patients, antihypertensive treatment, and control rate of hypertension were collected and analyzed factors. Results The study consisted of 2,031 hypertensive inpatients aged 40 years and older ［average(594 ± 103)years］. In the study, 421% of patients had stage 2 hypertension, and 488% had stage 3 hypertension. The prevalence of major CVD risk factors, including hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, and obesity, was relatively high. Other than hypertension and old age，80% of patients had at least one major CVD risk factor. Target organ damage and associated diseases were common among the hypertensive patients. In total, 726% of the stage 2 and 3 hypertensive patients were treated with two or more antihypertensive drugs. Calcium channel blockers（CCB）were the most commonly used antihypertensive drug. CCB and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) were the most common type of combination antihypertensive therapy. The control of hypertension was 545% at the time of patient discharge. Major risk factors that affected BP control rates during hospitalization included age, chronic renal insufficiency, diabetes, missing antihypertensive drugs, stage 3 hypertension, and obesity. Conclusion In summary，most of the hypertensive inpatients had moderate to severe hypertension, which was commonly accompanied by major CVD risk factors, as well as target organ damage and associated diseases. Although the antihypertensive treatment of hypertensive inpatients was standardized, with acceptable BP control rates, there is room for improvements. Improvements in hyperglycemia control, weight control, and drug compliance, as well as improvements in the renal functions of patients with renal insufficiency, perhaps could markedly enhance BP control rate of hypertensive inpatients.