【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of calcitriol intravenous injection and oral granules in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism.Methods 104 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism who underwent maintenance hemodialysis from September 2014 to September 2017 in our hospital were enrolled. According to random number table, the patients were divided into observation group and control group. The control group was given oral calcitriol treatment and the observation group was given intravenous calcitriol treatment. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. The clinical data of two groups were retrospectively analyzed. Serum total parathyroid hormone (iPTH), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), serum creatinine Calcium level, phosphorus level were observed. The clinical effects of two groups were compared and analyzed to observe the improvement of their symptoms and adverse reactions.Results After treatment, the symptoms of bone pain, anemia, pruritus and restless legs in both groups were improved to some extent. The symptoms of pruritus in the observation group improved significantly (the difference was statistically significant ( P＜005). There was no significant difference in the improvement of other symptoms after treatment, with no significant difference (P＞005). After treatment on the changes of serum calcium, the observation group at different time points no significant difference in serum calcium levels (P＞005). The difference of blood calcium level in control group at different time points was obvious (P＜005). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the difference of blood calcium levels at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks (P＞005). The observation group at different time points no significant difference in serum phosphorus levels (P＞005). The control group had no significant difference in serum phosphorus levels at different time points (P＞005). There was no significant difference in serum phosphorus levels between the two groups after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment (P＞005). The AKP level of the observation group at different time points showed significant difference (P＜005). The difference of AKP level in control group at different time points was significant (P＜005). AKP levels in both groups after treatment for 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks were significantly different (P＜005). The observation group at different time points iPTH levels were significantly different (P＜005). The difference of iPTH level in control group at different time points was significant (P＜005). There were significant differences in iPTH levels between the two groups after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment (P＜005). The total effective rate of observation group was 50 cases (9615%) after treatment, while the total effective rate of control group was 41 cases (7885%) after treatment. The observation group's total effective rate was significantly higher than the control group (P＜005). After treatment, the total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 577%. The incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was 1923%. The incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was significantly higher than that in the observation group (P＜005).Conclusion For the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism, intravenous calcitriol injection compared with oral granules can effectively reduce the level of iPTH and AKP, maintain calcium and phosphorus balance and has no serious adverse reactions.