【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the effect of mouse nerve growth factor and mecobalamine on the peripheral neuropathy caused by the paclitaxel injection. Methods 82 patients with malignant neoplasm were chosen because they suffered peripheral neuropathy caused by paclitaxel treatment. They were randomly divided into Group A and Group B. Group A included 41 patients with mouse nerve growth factor therapy. Group B included 41 patients with mecobalamine treatment. The course of treatment was half a month. The motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV), physical pain, numbness and weakness were compared between the two groups. Results The clinical symptoms of MNCV, SNCV, physical pain, numbness and weakness were improved after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜ 005). The improvement of treatment group was significantly better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜ 005). Conclusion The mouse nerve growth factor can significantly improve patients’ MNCV and SNCV. The symptoms of physical pain, numbness and weakness were also improved without severe adverse reaction.