【Abstract】 Objective Objective To compare and analyze the clinical effect of vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in elderly patients, so as to provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods 284 patients with osteoporositic vertebral compression fracture were hospitalized, and randomly divided into the PVP group and the PKP group. The postoperative pain improvement, bone cement leakage and posterior convex Angle of vertebral body were statistically analyzed. Results The VAS score and kyphosis angle of the two groups were all better than those before operation (P＜ 005). After operation, the VAS score and kyphosis angle of PKP group were better than those of PVP group (P＜ 005). The leakage rate of bone cement in PKP group was significantly lower than that in PVP group (P＜ 005). Conclusion PKP and PVP can relieve pain and improve kyphosis angle in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, but PKP has better clinical effect and lower bone cement leakage rate.