【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of alprostadil combined with hyperbaric oxygen and dexamethasone in the treatment of sudden deafness with vertigo. Methods 72 patients with sudden deafness complicated with vertigo treated in the hospital from June 2015 to June 2017 were selected as study subjects, and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 36 patients in each group. The control group was treated with hyperbaric oxygen combined with dexamethasone. The observation group, based on the treatment in the control group, were additionally treated with alprostadil. The curative effect on sudden deafness and vertigo, changes in pure tone threshold and hemodynamics before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. The incidence of adverse reaction during the treatment was statistically analyzed. Results The treatment effective rate of sudden deafness and vertigo in observation group were higher than those in control group (8056% and 9157% vs 5833% and 7222%) (P＜005). After treatment, the pure tone threshold of observation group was lower than that of the control group (P＜005). After treatment, the blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, hematocrit and erythrocyte aggregation index of the observation group were lower than those of the control group while the red cell deformability index was higher than that of the control group (P＜005). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞ 005). Conclusion The application of alprostadil combined with hyperbaric oxygen and dexamethasone in the treatment of sudden deafness with vertigo can improve hemodynamics, alleviate the symptoms of vertigo, and reduce the pure tone threshold.