【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients to establish effective expectoration scheme and application effect. Methods 152 AECOPD patients in our hospital in January 2013 ~2016 year in January as the research object were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The control group received the routine nursing. The treatment group was treated on the basis of the establishment of effective expectoration. The sputum volume, COPD assessment test (CAT) and arterial blood gas index score were observed. Results There were no significant difference between sputum volume of the two groups before treatment. The sputum volume of 3 days and 5 days of intervention of treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<001). The sputum total effective rate of treatment group (974%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (816% )(P<001). The CAT score of the two groups decreased after intervention (P<001). CAT in the observation group score reduced more significantly than that in control group (P<001). PaCO2 were significantly improved after treatment (P<001). PaCO2 in the treatment group improved more significantly than that in control group (P<001). Conclusion AECOPD patients effective expectoration scheme can promote patients effective expectoration and improve life quality and the index of artery blood gas.