【Abstract】 Objective To observe the effect of sinomenine (Sinom enine, SN) combined with fecal bacteria transplantation (Fecal microbiota transplantation, FMT) therapy in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (Inflammatory bowel disease, IBD) and discuss the treatment mechanism.Methods Methods 210 IBD patients were randomly divided into FMT group, SN group and combined treatment group. The FMT group received Mesalazin Entericcoated Tablets(4 g / D), the healthy donor fecal suspension infusion in patients with digestive tract. SN group oral was treated with SN (120mg / D). The combined treatment group was treated with the methods of FMT group and SN group. The three groups were treated for 3 weeks. Patients were tested for IBD fecal bacteroides, clostridium, lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, segmented filamentous bacteria, intestinal mucosa of interleukin1 (Interleukin1 IL8), IL17, IL35, blood nitric oxide (nitric oxide NO) and superoxide dismutase (superoxide dism, utase, SOD). The flow cytometry was used to test T blood cells (Treg), Th1/Th17 and CD4+T accounted for the percentage of T lymphocyte subsets. The endoscopic mucosa pathological examination and assessment of clinical efficacy of treatment of patients were observed. Results The fecal bacteroides, clostridium, lactobacillus, bifidobacterium and segmented filamentous bacteria of combined treatment group after treatment were significantly higher than that of group SN (P<0.05). IL8 and IL17 in intestinal mucosa, peripheral blood Th1/Th17 and NO of combined treatment group decreased, and the intestinal mucosa, peripheral blood IL35 CD4+T% and SOD of combined treatment group increased, compared with group FMT and SN group (P<0.05). The curative effect of combined treatment group was different from that of FMT group and SN group(P<0.05). Conclusion SN may improve the effect of oral administration of CD4+T T cells in the intestinal mucosa agglomeration, enhance the activity of SOD, reduce the Th17, NO and inflammatory factor IL8, IL17 on intestinal mucosal damage, improve the protective effect of IL35 on the intestinal mucosa。 FMT therapy can reconstruct the intestinal flora and protect the intestinal mucosa. The clinical curative effect of combined therapy for inflammatory bowel disease is reliable.