【Abstract】Objective To evaluate on degenerative knee cartilage injury in 2 years. Methods The 2-year follow-up results of 35 patients with degenerative knee cartilage injury treated by arthroscopic microfrature surgery in our hospital from June 2014 to August 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The therapeutic efficacy, length of hospital stay, revealed blood loss, knee pain visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, Hss knee function scores, Tegner motor function scores and curvature of knee were observed. The positive rate of floating patella test and positive rate of patellofemoral joint grinding test were compared before and after surgery. The patients were divided into the improvement group (markedly effective and effective) and the nonimprovement group (ineffective). The influencing factors of the treatment effects were analyzed. Results The treatment efficiency, length of hospital stay and revealed blood loss were 77.14%, 7±1 d and 90±11 ml, respectively. After surgery, the knee joint VAS score, positive rate of floating patella test and positive rate of patellofemoral joint grinding test were significantly lower than those before surgery (P<0.05). After surgery, Hss knee joint function score, Tegner motor function score and knee curvature were also significantly lower than those before surgery (P<0.05). Age, duration of disease, degree of cartilage injury and meniscus injury showed statistically significant differences between the improvement group and the nonimprovement group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, duration of disease and meniscus injury were independent risk factors of the efficacy of arthroscopic micro-fracture surgery (P<0.05). Conclusion The arthroscopic fracture microsurgery is effective in the treatment of degenerative knee cartilage injury. It can improve the knee function and motor function in patients, and the effect is influenced by age, course of disease and meniscus injury. Therefore, preventive measures should be taken.