【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the prevalence of pathogens in liver abscess，so as to provide reference for clinical empirical selection of antibacterial drugs.Methods The main clinical manifestations, the underlying diseases, procalcitonin results, bacterial distribution and susceptibility test results, clinical treatment options were retrospectively analyzed in 68 patients with pyogenic liver abscess treated in First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Jan2013 to Dec2015. Results Pus and blood samples were cultured 94 strains bacteria. There were 78 strains Gramnegative bacteria and 16 strains Grampositive bacteria. Klebsiella pneumonia (57 strains) was the most common Gramnegative bacteria, followed by Escherichia coli(15 strains). Grampositive bacteria mainly include Streptococcus constellatus (4 strains), Streptococcus anginosus (2 strains), Streptococcus intermedius (2 strains), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (2 strains) and Enterococcus faecium (D group) (2 strains). Drug susceptibility tests showed that the sensitivity rates of ertapenem, imipenem/cilastatin, tigecycline, cefotetan, cefepime, ceftazidime, cefoxitin, amikacin, piperacillin/tazobactam were greater than 90% about the Gramnegative bacteria. The sensitivity rates of tigecycline, vancomycin, quinupristin / dalfopristin were greater than 90% about the Grampositive bacteria. Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess was more common in patients with diabetes, non Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess was more common in patients with biliary disease. Conclusion Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common pathogen of pyogenic liver abscess, which mostly strikes patients with diabetes, and was sensitive to quinolones, aminoglycosides, βlactams, carbapenems antibacterial drugs.